Blood Bourne Pathogens and how they effect the First Aider

Blood Bourne Pathogens are microorganisms (such as viruses) that are present in human blood and can cause disease in humans. These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Bodily fluids, especially those visibly contaminated with blood, have the potential to transmit disease

• Cerebrospinal fluid (Brain) and Synovial fluid (Joints)
• Pleural fluid (Lungs) and Amniotic fluid (Uterus)
• Pericardial fluid (Heart) and Peritoneal fluid (Abdomen)
• Semen and vaginal secretions
• Blood and any body fluid contaminated with blood
• Body fluids that cannot be recognised

How Blood Bourne Pathogens Are Spread

• Sexual contact is the primary mode of transmission for Blood Bourne Pathogens
• When a contaminated sharp object cuts or punctures the skin. (Parenteral examples: needle stick, illegal drug usage, cut from broken glass, bite)
• When an infected body fluid gets into an open cut or mucous membrane (inside eyes, mouth, ears or nose)
• When a contaminated object touches inflamed skin, acne, or skin abrasion
• Intact skin is wonderfully created as our first defence against disease. Blood Bourne Pathogens cannot “soak” through normal intact skin

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