Recognising and Responding to Anaphylaxis

If someone having an allergic reaction becomes dizzy, faint or short of breath, you should consider the possibility of anaphylaxis.

Anaphylaxis is a serious and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can affect breathing, circulation and consciousness. Quick action is essential.

Warning Signs of Anaphylaxis

Two important warning signs are dizziness and shortness of breath.

Dizziness may occur when a person’s blood pressure drops suddenly. Shortness of breath may happen when the airways become swollen or breathing becomes difficult.

These symptoms should always be treated seriously, especially if they occur after exposure to a known or suspected allergen.

What to Do if Anaphylaxis is Suspected

If you suspect anaphylaxis, act immediately.

• Call 999 and request an ambulance if this has not already been done.
• Help the person use their prescribed emergency medication, such as an EpiPen, Jext auto-injector or prescribed nasal treatment.
• Keep monitoring their breathing and level of response.
• Be prepared for their condition to worsen.

Correct Position for Someone with Anaphylaxis

The casualty’s position is important and should be based on their symptoms.

If They Feel Dizzy or Faint

If the person feels dizzy, weak or faint, lay them flat on their back. If possible, gently raise their legs to help improve blood flow.

If They Are Struggling to Breathe

If breathing is difficult, the person may feel more comfortable sitting slightly upright.

Do not force someone to lie flat if this makes their breathing worse.

Keep the Person Calm

Reassure the person and try to keep them calm. Anxiety can make breathing feel more difficult and may increase distress.

Speak clearly, stay with them and continue to monitor their condition until emergency help arrives.

Be Ready to Start CPR

Anaphylaxis can worsen rapidly. If the person becomes unresponsive and is not breathing normally, you may need to start CPR.

Continue CPR until emergency services arrive or the person starts breathing normally.

Key Safety Message

When an allergic reaction involves dizziness, faintness or breathing difficulties, always think of anaphylaxis. Early recognition, calling 999, using prescribed emergency medication and positioning the casualty correctly can help save a life.